كيمياء لغات الباب الثاني شرح بالفيديو 3ث The periodic table

table

*Arrangement of elements in an ascending order according to their
atomic numbers and it agrees with sequence of building up principle


2P

3P

4P

5P

6P

7P


1S

2S

3S

4S

5S

6S

7S








3d

4d

5d

6d


4f

5f









A- BLOCKS OF THE PERIODIC TABLE


S- Block P- Block d- Block f- Block

It includes the elements whose outer most electrons occupy the s-sublevel

nS1,nS2 It includes the elements whose outer most electrons
occupy the p-sub level nP1 to np6 It includes the elements whose outer
most electrons occupy the d-sub level It includes the elements whose
outer most electrons occupy the f-sub level

It Consists of the groups (1A) and (2A) It Consists of the groups (3A) , (4A) (5A) , (6A) , (7A),

(zero group) It Consists of the groups B which called (main transition elements) It Consists of lanthanides and actinides

[ Inner T.E ]

It’s placed in the left hand side of the table It’s placed in the
right hand side of the table It’s placed in the middle of the table
It’s placed below the table G.R.F

To reduce the table




B- DESCRIPTION OF PERIODIC TABLE


* It consists of seven ( horizontal ) periods and 18 vertical groups


Period one: - * It consists of two elements, hydrogen and helium.


Period two: - * It consists of eight elements G.R.F

Because: the sublevels 2S2 and 2P6 will be filled succ.

Period three: - * It consists of eight elements G.R.F

Because: the sublevels 3S2 and 3P6 will be filled succ.

Period four: - * It consists of 18 elements G.R.F

Because: the sublevels 4S2, 3d10 and 4P6 will be filled succ.

Period five: - * It consists of 18 elements G.R.F

Because: The sublevels 5S2, 4d10 and 5P6 will be filled succ.

Period six: - * It consists of 32 elements G.R.F

Because: 6S2 ,4F14, 5d10 and 6P6 will be filled succ.

Period :-

*Several elements are arranged horizontally according to their atomic numbers

which increases by one from left to right.

* Each period begins by filling a new energy level and ends by an inert gas.

Elements of the same period similar in number of energy levels
but different in atomic number , valency level and chemical properties

Group:-

*Several elements arranged vertically and they are similar in
valency level and chemical properties but different in the principal
quantum number.

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