أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات الجزء الأول الصف الثالث ثانوي

من طرف **حنين الصمت** الأحد 14 أبريل 2013, 4:58 pm

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أهم 100 سؤال فى مادة الكيمياء لغات - الجزء الأول

Definitions

1. Element

2. Quantum energy

3. Electron cloud

4. Aufbau (building-up) principle

5. Hund's rule

6. Cathode rays

7. Line spectra

8. Dual nature of the electron

9. Heisenberg uncertainty principle

10. Bond length

11. Atomic radius

12. Ionization energy

13. Electron affinity

14. Electronegativity

15. Acidic oxide

16. Basic oxides

17. Amphoteric oxides

18. Oxidation number

19. Oxidation

20. Reduction

21. Chemical reaction

22. Ionic bond

23. Covalent bond

24. Pure covalent bond

25. Polar covalent bond

26. Octet rule

27. Valence Bond Theory

28. Hybridization

29. Molecular Orbital Theory

30. Coordinate Bond

31. Hydrogen Bond

32. Metallic Bond

33. Photo electric phenomenon

34. Allotropy

35. Passivity

36. Transition element

37. Paramagnetic properties

38. Diamagnetic properties

39. Magnetic moment

40. Sintering process

41. Roasting of iron ore

42. Alloy

Answers

1- A pure simple substance that cannot be changed to simpler forms by the traditional chemical methods

2- The amount of energy absorbed or emitted when the electron jumps from one energy level to another

3- A region of space around the nucleus where the electron most probable exists

4- Electrons occupy the sublevels in the order of increasing their energy æ the lowest energy sublevels are filled first.

5- No electron pairing takes place in a given sublevel until each orbital contains one electron"

6- A stream of invisible rays is emitted from the cathode through
a discharge tube with low pressure(0.01-0.001 mmHg) and high potential
difference(10000 volts)

7- A limited number of colourless lines result from radiation of gases or vapour under reduced pressure and high temperature.

8- The electron is a particle an also has wave motion

9- The determination of both the velocity and the position of an electron at the same time are practically impossible.

10- The distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms

11- Half the distance between the nuclei of two similar bonded atoms

12- Amount of energy needed to remove the most loosely bound electron from isolated gaseous atom

13- Amount of energy released when an extra electron is added to neutral gaseous atom

14- The tendency of the atom to attract the electron of the chemical bond to itself

15- Nonmetal oxide dissolves in water forming acid and reacts with base gives salt and water

16- Metal oxides dissolve in water forming alkalis and react with acids giving salt and water

17- Oxides react with acids or bases giving salt and water

18- The number of charges(+ve or –ve) the atom would have in a compound

19- The process of losing electrons leads to increase oxidation number

20- The process of gaining electrons leads to decrease oxidation number

21- Bonds are broken in reactants and new bonds are formed in products

22- Attraction force between +ve cation and –ve anion to form neutral compound

23- Sharing by one pair of electrons or more between two atoms

24- Sharing by one pair of electrons or more between two atoms similar in electronegativity

25- Sharing by one pair of electrons or more between two atoms different in electronegativity

26- By the exception of H2, Li and Be atoms of all elements tend to reach octet structure

27- It explains covalent bond as overlapping two orbitals from the two atoms each orbital has single electron

28- Overlap two or more orbitals close in energy to form hybrid orbitals similar in energy

29- All the atomic orbitals of combined atoms are mixed forming molecular orbitals

30- A type of covalent bond where a donor atom has lone pair of electrons donates it to acceptor atom has a vacant orbital

31- Hydrogen acts as a bridge between two atoms of high electronegativity so it binds the two molecules together

32- The valence electrons of a metal forming electron cloud which decrease the repulsion between the +ve ions of the metal

33- Some atoms such as K and Cs when they are exposed to light their free electrons move forming electric current

34- Presence of an element in more than one form different in physical properties but similar in chemical ones

35- Formation of non porous layer of oxide surround the metal and stop further reaction

36- The element which found incompletely filled sublevels (d) or (f) in one of its state.

37- Attraction to the outer magnetic field due to presence of unpaired electron in(d)or(f)sublevel

38- Repulsion to the outer magnetic field due to absence of unpaired electron in(d)or(f)sublevel

39- Number of unpaired electrons in (d) or (f) sublevel

40- Treatment fine particles and powder into big particle

41- Strongly heating iron ore in the air.

42- Mixing two or more elements to get certain properties

Give reasons

1. The line spectrum of any element is a specific.

2. The electron has a dual nature.

3. Sublevel p takes up to 6 electrons while sublevel d takes up to 10 electrons.

4. Radius of sodium ion smaller than the radius of sodium atom

5. Radius of chloride ion bigger than the radius of chlorine atom

6. First ionization energy of a noble gas is very high

7. Second ionization energy of sodium is very high

8. Electron affinity of chlorine bigger than that of fluorine

9. Bond length in FeO is bigger than bond length in Fe2O3

10. Fluoride ion and sodium ion are isolectronic.

11. Ammonia molecule can form coordinate bond.

12. Hydrogen +ve ion is not found free in water

13. Aluminum chloride is a covalent compound

14. Ionic compounds have high melting points while covalent have low ones

15. Aluminum harder and has higher melting point than sodium

16. Hydrogen chloride molecule is a polar covalent compound

17. Potassium super oxide is used in submarine

18. Sodium fire is not extinguished by water

19. Sodium nitrate is not used in making bombs

20. The chemical reactivity of alkali metals

21. Cesium and potassium are used in photo-electric cells

22. Nitrogen has several oxidation states

23. Calcium cyanamide is used as a fertilizer

24. Alloy of bismuth, lead, cadmium and tin are used in fuses

25. Nitric acid acts as strong oxidizing agent

26. Urea is used as a suitable fertilizer in hot countries

27. Concentrated HCl is used to detect ammonia

28. Elements of group 1A are called alkali metals

29. Alkali metals are strong reducing elements

30. Alkali metals are kept under kerosene

Answers

1. Each atom has creation no. of electron and gives certain line spectra

2. The electron is a particle and it has wave properties.

3. Sublevel p has 3 orbital while sublevel d has 5 orbitals,each orbital takes up 2 electrons

4. Na+ ion increase +ve chrge increase attraction of the nucleus decrease the radius

5. Cl- ion increase -ve chrge increase repulsion between electrons increase the radius

6. They are completely filled energy level which need high energy to be broken

7. It needes high energy to break complete energy level

8. Fluorine has small radius when electron is added it will suffer high repulsion

9. Rdius of iron (II) is bigger than radius of iron(III) which has big attraction to electrons

10. Both of them has 10 electrons

11. Nitrogen in ammonia molecule has lone pair of electron can give it to proton

12. Hydrogen +ve ion combines with water by coordinate bond forming hydronium ion

13. Because the difference in electronegativity between them less trhan 1.7

14. Ionic has strong attraction between ions but covalent has weak attraction between molecules

15. Aluminum has 3 valence electron so it has strong metallic bond while Na has one.

16. Hydrogen chloride molecule is made of two different atoms

17. KO2 reacts with CO2 gives oxygen

18. Sodium reacts with H2O give H2 and heat which burns H2 so the fire increases

19. Sodium nitrate is a deliqucent substance so it doesn't cause explosion

20. They have big radius and small ionization energy so they lose electron easily

21. They have big radius and small ionization energy so they lose electron easily when expose to light

22. It can gain up to three electrons and can lose up to 5 electrons

23. It dissolves in water giving ammonia

24. Because it has low melting point

25. It decoposes giving oxygen

26. In hot countries it decopses giving ammonia and CO2

27. It react with ammonia giving white cloud of NH4Cl

28. They dissolve in water forming strong alkali

29. They have small ionization energy so they can esily lose electron

30. Alkali metals are very active so we keep them away from air and humidity

من طرف **حنين الصمت** الأربعاء 17 أبريل 2013, 7:34 am