أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي

من طرف **حنين الصمت** الأحد 19 مايو 2013, 8:38 pm

الدرس في شكل نص مقروء

أهم 100 سؤال فى مادة الكيمياء لغات - الجزء التاسع

Definitions

1- Vital force theory

All organic compounds are formed inside living cells by the effect of vital force

2- Molecular formula

The formula which shows the number and the kind of the atoms in the molecule.

3- Structural formula

The formula which shows the number and the kind of the atoms and also it shows

the type of linkage between atom in the molecule.

4- Isomersim

More than one compound have the same molecular formula but have different

structural formula ( so they have different physical and chemical properties

5- IUPAC system

A method used to give name of organic comound depends on the lonest chain of carbon

6- Detergent

A salt produced from the reaction between aromatic sulphonic acid and sodium hydroxide

7- Converted alcohol

Ethanol + methanol(poison )+ dye + water to be used as a fuel not as liquor

8- Hydrocarbons

Compound are made of hydrogen and carbon only

9- Homologous series

They have the same general formula,the same chemical p.and graduated in physical ones

10- Alkyl radical( R )

Organic group can't be found alone and has the formula CnH2n+1

11- Addition polymerization

Huge number of unsaturated small molecules are adding to form one very large molecule

12- Condensation

Two monomers combine together forming one molecule and losing simple molecule

13- Aryl radical( Ar ) ( phenyl)

Organic group ca be produce by removing hydrogen atom from benzene ring C6H5

14- Factional group

Group of atoms attached the compound and give it certain character

15- Glacial acetic acid:

Acetic acid freezes at 16oc forming solid substance similar to ice

16- Alpha amino acid :

Amino acid where amino group it attached to alpha carbon

17- Protein :

polymer of amino acid

18- Insuline :

protein made of 51 molecules of 16 amino acid and it mass is 6000

19- Fatty acids

saturated mono carboxylic aliphatic acids are called fatty
acids because most of them are found in fats as a form of ester with
glycerol.

أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي 1

أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي 1

Name of the reaction

1- Addition reaction:

adding atom-group to unsaturated compound

2- Elimination reaction:

reaction of methane with halogen in direct sunlight

3- Catalytic hydration reaction:

adding water in presence of catalyst

4- Thermal catalytic cracking

Big molecule inconverted into small molecules in presence of heat and catalyst

5- Oxidation reaction :

reaction with oxygen ( or removing hydrogen or losing electrons)

6- Substitution reaction :

atom of a compound is replaced by another

7- Friedel craft(Alkylation)

Alkayl group replaces hydrogen in benzene ring forming toluene

8- Bayer's reaction

Oidation of alkene in presence of alkaline KMnO4 to form hlycol

9- Hydrogenation of benzene:

bezene react with hydrogen forming cyclohexane

10- Halogenation of benzene:

benzene reacts with halogen(in direct – or indirect sunlight)

11- Markownikoff's rule:

On adding asymmetrical reagent to asymmetrical alkene the
positive part of the reagent is attached to carbon atom has big no. of
hydrogen

12- Biological method:

Oxidation of dil solution of ethanol by atmospheric oxygen in presence of vinegar bacteria

13- Alcoholic fermentation:

Alcoholic fermentation of starch or sugar adding yeast to form ethanol

14- Nitration of benzene

Nitro group replaces hydrogen

15- Sulphonation of benzene

Sulphonium group replaces hydrogen

16- Ester formation

Reaction between carboxylic acid and alcohol

17- Catalytic reforming

Normal hexane is converted into benzene in presence of heat and catalyst

18- Alkaline hydrolysis

Heting alkyli halide in presence of alkali to form alcohol

19- Acidity test

Reaction of acid with carbonate or bicarbonate to form salt,water and carbon dioxide

أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي 2

أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي 2

Give reason

13- Cyclopropane is more reactive than normal propane

14- D.D.T is not used now as insecticide in many countries

15- Poly chloro diphenyl is used as insulator for fires

16- Ethyne gas is passed in copper sulphate solution before collecting

17- Oxyacetylene flame is used in cutten and welding metals

18- Nitration of chloro benzene gives two products while chloronation of nitrobenzene gives one product

19- Sometimes ethyne burns with a smoky flame

20- Halothane is preferred than chloroform as anesthetic substance

21- Cigarette smoke has harmful effects on human health

22- Phenol does not react with hydrogen chloride while ethanol reacts.

23- Cone. sulphuric acid is added in ester formation and nitration

24- Bakelite is used in the manufacture of electric instruments

25- Boiling point of glycerol is higher than that of ethylene glycol

26- Alkyl iodide is preferred than alkyl chloride in the preparation of alcohols

27- Reaction of ethanol with H2S04 is temperature dependent

28- Benzoic acid is monobasic whereas oxalic acid is a dibasic one

29- Ethanol can be considered as a petrochemical compound

30- The boiling points of acids are higher than those of corresponding alcohols .

31- Methane and ethane do not give addition reactions.

32- Using soda lime in preparing methane is preferred than caustic soda

33- In butagase mixture the ratio of butane is more than propane in hot countries

34- Alkenes are characterized by their ability to form polymers by additions.

35- Polymerization of ethane takes place in presence of peroxides

36- Taflon is used in manufacture of surgical threads.

37- Taflon is used in manufacture of cooking utensils .

38- Structure of benzene takes several years

39- Saturated mono carboxylic aliphatic acids are called fatty acids

أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي 3

أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي 3

Answer

13- The angle between bonds in C3H6 and C4H8 are less than 109o
this lead to weak overlap between atomic orbitals so the bond between
carbon atoms is weak so they are active

14- It has bad effect on environment (plant-animal- man)

15- It is more stable up to 800 oC

16- To get rid of impurities such ad H2S –PH3

17- It burns giving 3000 oC

18- Nitration of chloro benzene gives otho and para nitrochloro benzene

while chloronation of nitrobenzene gives metachloro nitrobenzene

19- In limited amount of oxygen it gives carbon (smoke)

20- Halothane is more safty than chloroform which causes death with incorrect dose

21- Due to presence of benzopyrine which causes cancer

22- Phenol has acidic effect while ethanol is neutral

23- To absorb water and prevent reversible reaction

24- It is insulator for electricity

25- It has more hydroxyl group

26- It has big radius and small bond easily to be broken

27- It gives different results in different temperatures

28- Benzoic acid has one COOH while oxalic acid has two

29- We can get it from petroleum product ( Ethene)

30- 2 molecules of acids have 2 hydrogen bomd while in alcohols have one

31- They are saturated compounds

32- Soda lime contains CaO which reduces the melting point

33- Butane less volatile than propane

34- Due to the presence of double bond

35- Peroxides act as initaior for the reaction

36- Taflon is ineret

37- Taflon non stic substance

38- It reacts by substitution , addition and its bonds in between double and single bond

39- because most of them are found in fats as a form of ester with glycerol

أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي 4

أهم 100 سؤال فى مراجعة مادة الكيمياء لغات فيديو ونص مقروء الجزء التاسع ثالث ثانوي 4

Preparation

1) Methane

CH3COONa + NaOH H4 + Na2CO3

2) Ethene(ethylene)

C2H5OH H2SO4-180 C C2H4 + H2O

3) Ethyne(acetylene)

CaC2 + 2H2O C2H2 + Ca(OH)2

4) Benzene

a) From normal hexane: ( catalytic reforming)

CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 pt + 4H2

Hexane benzene

b) Polymerization of ethyne

3C2H2 Red hot nickel tube

c) From phenol:

OH

+ Zn heat + ZnO

Phenol benzene

COONa

+ NaOH Cao + heat + Na2CO3

Sod. benzoate

5) Ethyl alchohol

C12H22O11 + H2O hydrolysis C6H12O6 + C6H12O6

Sucrose glycose fructose

C6H12O6 zymase enzyme(yeast) 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Ethanol

Petroleum product cracking CH2=CH2 H2SO4 C2H5OH

+ H2O

C2H5Br + KOH C2H5OH + HBr

6) Isopropyl alcohol

Br OH

CH3-C—CH3 + KOH H2SO4 CH3-C—CH3 + KBr

H H

2 bromopropane 2 propanol

7) Tertiary butyl alcohol

CH3 CH3

CH3—C –Br + KOH Heat CH3—C—OH + KBr

CH3 CH3

tert.butyl bromide tert. butanol

Cool

Ethylene glycol

CH2=CH2 + H2O + [O] KMnO4 CH2—CH2

alkaline medium OH OH

Ethylene glycol

9) Phenol

Cl OH

+ NaOH 300 C- 300 atm.p + NaCl

10) Acetic acid

C2H5OH + O2 vinegar bacteria CH3COOH + H2O

Ethyl alcohol Acetic acid

HC=CH + H2O H2SO4(40%) CH3CHO [O] CH3COOH

11) Benzoic acid

CH3 COOH

2 + 3O2 V2O5 2 + 2H2O